package com.thealgorithms.searches;
import com.thealgorithms.devutils.searches.SearchAlgorithm;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
/**
* Binary search is one of the most popular algorithms This class represents
* iterative version {@link BinarySearch} Iterative binary search is likely to
* have lower constant factors because it doesn't involve the overhead of
* manipulating the call stack. But in java the recursive version can be
* optimized by the compiler to this version.
*
* <p>
* Worst-case performance O(log n) Best-case performance O(1) Average
* performance O(log n) Worst-case space complexity O(1)
*
* @author Gabriele La Greca : https://github.com/thegabriele97
* @author Podshivalov Nikita (https://github.com/nikitap492)
* @see SearchAlgorithm
* @see BinarySearch
*/
public final class IterativeBinarySearch implements SearchAlgorithm {
/**
* This method implements an iterative version of binary search algorithm
*
* @param array a sorted array
* @param key the key to search in array
* @return the index of key in the array or -1 if not found
*/
@Override
public <T extends Comparable<T>> int find(T[] array, T key) {
int l;
int r;
int k;
int cmp;
l = 0;
r = array.length - 1;
while (l <= r) {
k = (l + r) >>> 1;
cmp = key.compareTo(array[k]);
if (cmp == 0) {
return k;
} else if (cmp < 0) {
r = --k;
} else {
l = ++k;
}
}
return -1;
}
// Only a main method for test purpose
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random r = new Random();
int size = 100;
int maxElement = 100000;
Integer[] integers = Stream.generate(() -> r.nextInt(maxElement)).limit(size).sorted().toArray(Integer[] ::new);
// the element that should be found
Integer shouldBeFound = integers[r.nextInt(size - 1)];
IterativeBinarySearch search = new IterativeBinarySearch();
int atIndex = search.find(integers, shouldBeFound);
System.out.printf("Should be found: %d. Found %d at index %d. An array length %d%n", shouldBeFound, integers[atIndex], atIndex, size);
int toCheck = Arrays.binarySearch(integers, shouldBeFound);
System.out.printf("Found by system method at an index: %d. Is equal: %b%n", toCheck, toCheck == atIndex);
}
}